Tattoos have become increasingly popular in recent years. People from all walks of life decorate their bodies with various designs and symbols. Tattoos, once associated with rebellion or counterculture, have now become more mainstream and are seen as a form of self-expression. That being said, when it comes to nursing, the acceptance of tattoos may … Read more
Tachycardia is the rapid pumping of the heart at a rate of more than 100 beats per minute. It is a typical response to exercise or stress. However, if the cause is unknown or left untreated, it may result in severe health conditions such as stroke, heart failure, or cardiac arrest. Types There are several … Read more
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health disorder manifested by repeated unwanted thoughts (obsessions) that lead to repetitive behaviors (compulsions). These thoughts and behaviors interfere with the patient’s daily activities and role performance. Overview The cause of OCD is largely unknown. However, these risk factors may increase the development of OCD: OCD usually begins during … Read more
Kidney stones or renal calculi are hard deposits formed from minerals and salts in the kidneys that cause pain and complications as they move through the urinary tract. The different types of kidney stones include: Nursing Process Treatment and management of kidney stones will depend on the type and size of the stone. Nursing care … Read more
End-stage renal disease (ESRD), also called end-stage kidney disease or kidney failure, is the final and permanent stage of chronic kidney disease. In this stage, kidneys can no longer function on their own and the patient must receive dialysis or kidney transplantation to survive. Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease Chronic kidney disease is divided into … Read more
End-of-life care is provided when vital organs and body systems shut down irreversibly and death becomes imminent. It starts when a patient is diagnosed with a terminal condition that requires symptom management and emotional support. Depending on the prognosis, end-of-life care may only last a few days or months to several years. Near-death signs and … Read more
Peripheral neuropathy occurs when the nerves outside the brain and spinal cord are damaged, leading to weakness, numbness, and pain, typically in the hands and feet. It can also impact other areas, including digestion and urination. Overview Diabetes mellitus, chronic alcoholism, autoimmune diseases, nutritional deficiencies, infections, chemotherapy drugs, malignancy, hypothyroidism, and trauma, are possible causes … Read more
A diabetic foot ulcer is one of the most common complications diagnosed in patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Anyone with diabetes mellitus can develop a foot ulcer resulting from poor glycemic control, peripheral vascular disease, underlying neuropathy, and poor foot care. Pathophysiology The development of a diabetic foot ulcer begins with a callus from neuropathy. … Read more
Hearing loss is a common medical condition affecting people of all ages with numerous causes. There are three types of hearing loss: Clinical manifestations of hearing loss include the following: Hearing loss is diagnosed through a physical examination, general hearing screening test, tuning fork tests, and audiometer tests. Nursing Process Nursing care for patients with … Read more
Paraplegia is a condition characterized by paralysis that primarily affects the legs, but it can also involve the lower body and, in some cases, impair arm function. It most commonly results from damage to the spinal cord, but can also be caused by other medical conditions and diseases that affect the nervous system. Overview The … Read more