Free CNA Practice Test

Get ready for the 2026 CNA exam by testing your skills with our free practice test.

60 Essential Questions
Instant Feedback
Based on 2026 NNAAP Standards
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About Our CNA Exam Simulator

This interactive test is designed to help you prepare for the 2026 CNA certification exam. The 60 questions follow the current NNAAP category distribution, including Activities of Daily Living, Basic Nursing and Restorative Skills, Emotional and Mental Health Needs, Spiritual and Cultural Needs, Communication, Client Rights, Legal and Ethical Behavior, and Member of the Health Care Team. You have a 90 minute time limit to answer all questions.

At the end of our interactive practice test you will get an assessment of your performance by category, giving you the chance to assess your understanding and identify categories where you might be able to improve. All questions and rationales have been reviewed by an experienced registered nurse (RN).

Maegan Wagner, BSN, RN, CCM Avatar
Questions reviewed by
Maegan Wagner, BSN, RN, CCM
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How to Use Our Practice Test

Take this like the real exam: 60 questions in 90 minutes, no notes. Aim for ~1.5 minutes per question. When you finish, you’ll get a score breakdown by category so you know exactly what to study next.

  1. Complete the timed 60-question test once without notes.
  2. Review your mistakes by clicking the question numbers at the top.
  3. Next, do our category-specific practice tests and focus on the sections where you scored lowest.
  4. Retake the full 60-question practice test until you consistently score 80% or higher.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: How many questions are on the CNA exam in 2026?
A: Most states (using Credentia/Prometric) have 60 to 70 questions. Usually, 60 of those questions are scored and 10 are non-scored “pretest” questions.

Q: How much time do you get to answer the CNA exam questions?
A: On the actual CNA written exam, you typically get 90–120 minutes, depending on your test provider and state.

Q: How is the CNA written exam divided by topic?
A: For the standard NNAAP-style CNA written exam (60 scored questions), the topics are roughly:

  • Activities of Daily Living (ADLs): 13 questions
  • Basic Nursing Skills: 21 questions
  • Self-Care / Independence (Restorative Skills): 4 questions
  • Emotional and Mental Health Needs: 5 questions
  • Spiritual and Cultural Needs: 1 question
  • Communication: 4 questions
  • Client Rights: 5 questions
  • Legal and Ethical Behavior: 3 questions
  • Member of the Health Care Team: 4 questions

Q: What is the passing score for the CNA test?
A: The passing score varies by state but is typically between 70% and 80%.

Q: Can I take the CNA test online?
A: You can take the written portion online in many states, but the clinical skills portion must be done in person.

Q: How does the CNA skills part of the CNA exam work?
A: You’ll perform 5 hands-on skills in front of an evaluator: hand hygiene plus 4 randomly selected skills (like vital signs, transfers, or personal care). You’re scored with a checklist, must complete all critical safety steps, and usually have about 25–30 minutes to finish. Make sure to read our CNA Skills Test Guide before you take the clinical exam.

Q: How many times can you fail the CNA test?
A: Most states allow you three attempts to pass both the written and clinical sections. If you fail three times, you will have to retake the entire CNA training program before you can try again.

Q: How much does the CNA exam cost in 2026?
A: The cost varies by state, but is typically between $90 and $125 for both the written and clinical portions.

Full Question Bank & Rationales

Below, you will find the complete list of 60 questions from our CNA practice test. We have included a detailed rationale for every question to help you understand the why behind the correct answer.

These questions are listed in the same order as our interactive practice test and are grouped by exam category. We have also included links to category-specific practice tests within each section, in case you want to focus on improving your knowledge in a specific area.

Some questions are marked as Challenging. These questions are designed to be a bit harder than the rest and usually include more detailed scenarios. Use them to build confidence with tougher exam-style questions and to pinpoint which skills or concepts to revisit before test day.

Note: The answer and rationale are hidden by default. Click “Show Answer & Rationale” after you answer the question to see if you got it right.

Jump to Exam Category:

Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)

If you’d like to test your knowledge further in this category, check out our free Activities of Daily Living practice exam.

1. Question

A patient with a weak right arm needs help with putting on a shirt. What’s the right approach?

  1. Put the shirt on the left arm first, then the right arm.
  2. Put the shirt on the right arm first, then the left arm.
  3. Put both arms in at the same time.
  4. It doesn’t matter which arm goes in first.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: B.

The recommended approach is to dress the weaker side first. This helps prevent injury and makes the task easier and less painful for the resident.

2. Question

What is the most important safety precaution when a CNA is feeding a resident?

  1. Raising the head of the bed to at least 45°.
  2. Placing a napkin on the resident’s lap.
  3. Checking the resident’s temperature before and after the meal.
  4. Making sure the resident has their feet flat on the floor.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: A.

Elevating the head of the bed upright reduces choking and aspiration risk (food or liquid entering the lungs).

3. Question

A CNA is assisting a resident with a transfer from the bed to a wheelchair. Where should the CNA position the wheelchair?

  1. On the resident’s weaker side.
  2. On the resident’s stronger side.
  3. At the foot of the bed.
  4. On the opposite side of the bed.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: B.

Positioning the wheelchair on the resident’s stronger side lets them use their strength to assist with the transfer, making the transfer easier and safer.

4. Question

When helping a resident put on non-slip socks, where should the tread be?

  1. On top of the foot.
  2. On the bottom of the foot.
  3. On the sides of the foot.
  4. On the heel only.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: B.

The non-slip tread must contact the floor to reduce slip risk. It is designed to provide traction and prevent slipping when the resident is standing or ambulating.

5. Question (Challenging)

A resident with lung disease (COPD) gets short of breath easily while taking a shower. What is the safest way for the CNA to assist them?

  1. Shower the resident very quickly to get it over with.
  2. Have the resident stand up to help them breathe better.
  3. Turn the water temperature up high to open their airways.
  4. Use a shower chair so the resident can sit down while washing.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: D.

Standing requires more energy and oxygen than sitting. Using a shower chair helps the resident conserve energy and prevents falls caused by dizziness or shortness of breath.

6. Question

When preparing bath water for a resident, the proper temperature range is approximately:

  1. 100–105°F (38–40.5°C)
  2. 90–95°F (32–35°C)
  3. 115–120°F (46–48°C)
  4. As hot as the resident can tolerate.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: A.

Bath water should be warm enough to be comfortable but not so hot as to cause burns, especially in residents with decreased sensation. The appropriate temperature is generally 100-105 degrees F. Always follow facility policy and test the water before helping the resident.

7. Question

When a CNA encourages a resident to do a task they can manage, such as brushing their teeth, this mainly promotes:

  1. Denial of assistance.
  2. Learned helplessness.
  3. Independence and self-esteem.
  4. Staff shortcuts.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: C.

The goal of restorative care is to have the resident do as much as they safely can to maintain or regain independence, which supports self-esteem and functional recovery.

8. Question

While assisting a resident with denture care, the CNA observes that the resident’s dentures are cracked. What is the best course of action?

  1. Report the damage to the nurse and do not use the dentures.
  2. Apply a denture adhesive to fix the crack.
  3. Schedule an appointment for the resident with a dentist.
  4. Clean them carefully and place them back in the resident’s mouth.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: A.

CNAs should not attempt to repair medical devices. Damaged dentures can injure the resident’s mouth or gums. The issue must be reported to the nurse so a repair or replacement can be arranged.

9. Question

A CNA is performing oral care for an unconscious resident. Which position is most appropriate to prevent aspiration?

  1. Supine with the head flat.
  2. Lateral position with the head turned to the side.
  3. High-Fowler’s position with the neck extended.
  4. Semi-Fowler’s position.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: B.

Unconscious residents cannot swallow and are at high risk for aspiration (inhaling fluid into the lungs). Placing them in a lateral position (side-lying) with the head turned to the side allows fluids to drain out of the mouth safely.

10. Question (Challenging)

A resident has a sore mouth and gums from medication side effects. What should the CNA use when cleaning their teeth and mouth?

  1. Strong mouthwash with alcohol.
  2. A hard-bristled toothbrush to remove plaque.
  3. A soft sponge swab (toothette).
  4. Dental floss.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: C.

When a resident has mouth soreness or inflamed gums, a standard toothbrush or floss can cause pain, bleeding, and injury. A soft sponge swab is gentle and safe for cleaning the mouth without causing further irritation.

11. Question

When feeding a resident who has dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), which consistency of liquid is typically considered safe to prevent choking?

  1. Thin liquids.
  2. Thickened liquids.
  3. Any liquid as long as it is served with a straw.
  4. Carbonated beverages.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: B.

Residents with dysphagia are often prescribed thickened liquids because they move more slowly in the throat, giving the resident more control and reducing the risk of aspiration. Thickening powders can be added to most liquids to thicken them to a nectar-thick consistency, like a thick soup, or to a thicker consistency, like a pudding. Straws are often avoided as they can deliver fluid too quickly.

12. Question

Which of the following is an example of an Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL) that the CNA might assist the resident with?

  1. Assisting the resident to the toilet.
  2. Obtaining the resident’s weight.
  3. Picking out the resident’s clothing for the day.
  4. Filing and organizing the resident’s mail.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: D.

Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) include complex tasks that require cognitive function and planning beyond the basics of eating, toileting, and grooming (ADLs). Helping the resident organize and file their mail is an IADL.

13. Question

The CNA is assisting a resident on a full liquid diet eat breakfast. Which of the following items would need to be removed from their tray?

  1. Scrambled eggs.
  2. A protein shake.
  3. Coffee.
  4. Yogurt.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: A.

A full liquid diet consists of foods that are liquid at room temperature, such as Jell-O, yogurt, juices, shakes, and ice cream. Anything that requires chewing, such as eggs, is not a part of a full liquid diet.

Basic Nursing Skills

If you’d like to test your knowledge further in this category, check out our free Basic Nursing Skills practice exam.

14. Question

When counting a resident’s breaths, what is the best practice to ensure an accurate count?

  1. Tell the resident you are counting their breaths.
  2. Use a timer and count for 30 seconds, then multiply by 2.
  3. Count the breaths while holding their wrist.
  4. Count the breaths while the resident is sleeping.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: C.

To get the most accurate results, count respirations immediately after taking the pulse, while still holding the resident’s wrist, which helps prevent the resident from changing their breathing pattern. Count for a full 60 seconds, especially if the pattern is irregular.

15. Question (Challenging)

A resident has orthostatic hypotension, which means their blood pressure drops when they stand up. What should the CNA do before assisting this resident with walking?

  1. Perform passive range of motion exercises while lying in bed.
  2. Have the resident sit on the side of the bed for a minute or two before standing.
  3. Give the resident a glass of orange juice.
  4. Have the resident stand up quickly and hold onto a walker to get the blood flowing.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: B.

Dangling the legs allows the body to adjust to the change in position and helps stabilize blood pressure. This prevents dizziness and fainting when the resident stands up.

16. Question

How often should an immobile, bed-bound resident be repositioned to help prevent pressure ulcers?

  1. Every 4 hours.
  2. Every 8 hours.
  3. Every 12 hours.
  4. At least every 2 hours.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: D.

Repositioning a resident at least every two hours is standard protocol to relieve pressure on bony areas and improve blood circulation, which helps to prevent the pressure ulcers.

17. Question

What is the single most effective way to prevent the spread of infection?

  1. Proper hand hygiene.
  2. Wearing a mask.
  3. Using sterile gloves.
  4. Isolating the patient.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: A.

The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) and other health organizations recommend proper handwashing as the most effective measure to the spread of germs in healthcare settings.

18. Question

A resident is a known fall risk. What is the best action the CNA can take to ensure their safety?

  1. Apply soft restraints to the resident.
  2. Keep the call light within the resident’s reach.
  3. Keep the lights in the room on at all times.
  4. Remove the resident’s shoes and socks.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: B.

Keeping the call light within reach allows the resident to ask for help when needed, making it less likely that they will attempt to get up on their own and fall.

19. Question

When a CNA is preparing to enter a contact-precautions room, what is the correct order for donning (putting on) PPE?

  1. Gloves, gown, mask.
  2. Mask, gown, gloves.
  3. Gown, gloves, mask.
  4. Gown, mask, gloves.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: D.

The standard order for donning PPE is to put on the gown first to protect clothing, then the mask, and finally the gloves so they overlap the gown cuffs.

20. Question (Challenging)

When caring for a resident with Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile), which hand-hygiene method should the CNA use?

  1. Alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
  2. Handwashing with soap and water.
  3. Wearing gloves at all times.
  4. Wiping hands with a wet cloth.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: B.

Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are ineffective against the spores of C. difficile. Soap-and-water handwashing is required to mechanically remove the spores.

21. Question

A CNA notices a small red area on a resident’s lower back. What should the CNA do first?

  1. Rub the area to improve circulation.
  2. Apply a bandage to the area.
  3. Tell the resident to avoid lying on their back.
  4. Immediately report the finding to the nurse.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: D.

The red area could be the first sign of a pressure ulcer. The CNA should report their observation to the nurse immediately so it can be assessed and a plan for preventive measures can be implemented. Rubbing the area could cause further damage.

22. Question

A CNA is preparing to measure a resident’s blood pressure. The resident asks why the cuff cannot be placed over their sweater. What is the correct explanation?

  1. It is hospital policy that all blood pressure readings are taken on bare skin.
  2. Clothing under the cuff can cause an inaccurate reading.
  3. The stethoscope cannot transmit the pulse through the material.
  4. The cuff will slip off if placed on fabric.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: B.

Blood pressure cuffs must be applied to bare skin. Clothing underneath the cuff can interfere with the sound transmission and add bulk, leading to an inaccurate reading (usually higher than the actual BP).

23. Question

A CNA enters a resident’s room and sees the resident clutching their throat, unable to speak. What is the first action the CNA should take?

  1. Ask, “Are you choking?”
  2. Offer the resident a glass of water.
  3. Take the resident’s vital signs.
  4. Hit the resident firmly on the back.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: A.

Clutching the throat is the universal sign of choking. The CNA must verify the obstruction by asking, “Are you choking?” If the resident nods and cannot speak, cough, or breathe, the CNA should call for help and begin performing abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver).

24. Question

A resident is on a bladder retraining program. The resident asks for the bedpan 30 minutes before the scheduled time. How should the CNA respond?

  1. Ask the resident to try to hold it for 15 more minutes.
  2. Tell the resident they must wait for the scheduled time.
  3. Assist the resident to use the bedpan immediately.
  4. Put a brief on the resident in case of an accident and try to distract them.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: C.

While bladder retraining involves a schedule, a CNA should never force a resident to hold their urine if they have the urge to go. The goal is to gradually lengthen intervals, but withholding toileting can lead to incontinence or urinary tract infections. The CNA should assist them and document the time.

25. Question (Challenging)

A resident receives oxygen continuously through a nasal cannula. Where is the most common place for skin breakdown to occur?

  1. Behind the resident’s ears.
  2. On the resident’s forehead.
  3. On the resident’s chest.
  4. Around the resident’s mouth.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: A.

The plastic tubing of the nasal cannula wraps around the ears. Constant pressure and friction in this area can easily cause sores or skin breakdown, so the CNA must check behind the ears regularly.

26. Question

When collecting a 24-hour urine specimen, what should the CNA do with the very first void of the day?

  1. Save half of it for comparison.
  2. Collect it and start the timing.
  3. Send it to the lab for analysis.
  4. Discard it and begin the timing immediately after.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: D.

A 24-hour urine collection begins with an empty bladder. The first void is discarded (flushed), and the time is noted. All subsequent urine samples over the next 24 hours are collected.

27. Question

The CNA is applying anti-embolism stockings (TED hose) to a resident. What is the correct first step?

  1. Place the stocking around the calf and roll it down.
  2. Ensure there are no wrinkles or twists in the stocking.
  3. Turn the stocking inside out to the heel marker.
  4. Apply lotion to the legs before putting them on.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: C.

TED hose are very tight in order to prevent blood clots in the legs. To make the application easier, turn the stocking inside out to the point of the heel, then slide it over the toes, foot, and heel, making sure it is in the correct position. Gently pull the stocking up the rest of the leg, smoothing out any wrinkles.

28. Question

A CNA notices a fire in a wastebasket in a resident’s room. Following the RACE acronym, what should the CNA do after removing the resident from the immediate area of danger?

  1. Act scared and alert the rest of the facility.
  2. Aim a fire extinguisher at the base of the fire.
  3. Assemble a barrier to contain the fire.
  4. Activate the fire alarm.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: D.

RACE stands for Remove, Activate, Contain, Extinguish. After removing (or rescuing) anyone in immediate danger, the next action is to activate the fire alarm or call 911.

29. Question

The CNA is performing perineal care on a female resident who has an indwelling urinary catheter. Which action does the CNA perform correctly?

  1. Using a new section of washcloth with each stroke.
  2. Disconnecting the catheter from the drainage bag before washing the area.
  3. Only using warm water, not soap, to clean around the catheter.
  4. Scrubbing the catheter tubing to remove any buildup.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: A.

When performing perineal care on a resident with a urinary catheter, the CNA should use warm water, an unscented soap, and a new section of the washcloth with each stroke, cleaning from front (the urethra) to back and from the insertion site downwards several inches to prevent introducing bacteria into the urethra.

30. Question

A CNA needs to measure the height of a bedbound resident who cannot stand. What is the correct method?

  1. Ask the resident their height and record it.
  2. Measure the length of the mattress and subtract the empty space.
  3. Measure from the shoulder to the heel and add 10 inches.
  4. Use a tape measure with the resident lying flat in bed.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: D.

For bedbound residents, height is measured using a tape measure. The resident should be supine (flat), and the measurement is taken from the crown of the head to the sole of the heel.

31. Question

Which of the following factors may result in an inaccurate pulse oximetry reading?

  1. The resident has warm hands.
  2. The resident is wearing artificial nails.
  3. The resident is sitting upright.
  4. The oximeter is placed on the index finger.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: B.

Pulse oximeters use light to measure oxygen saturation. Dark nail polish or artificial nails can block the light sensor, leading to a false reading. The CNA should remove the polish or use an alternative site (such as an earlobe) if permitted.

32. Question

A CNA is assigned to obtain a sputum specimen. What is the best time of day to collect this specimen?

  1. Right before bedtime.
  2. Immediately after lunch.
  3. Early in the morning, before breakfast.
  4. Before the resident takes their daily medications.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: C.

Sputum (mucus from the lungs) accumulates during sleep. The best sample is obtained early in the morning upon waking, before the resident eats or drinks, to ensure the sample is from the lungs and not contaminated by food.

33. Question

The CNA is documenting the resident’s liquid intake from lunch. The resident consumed 1 cup of chicken broth and 4 oz of apple juice. The CNA correctly documents this as:

  1. 360 mL.
  2. 240 mL.
  3. 450 mL.
  4. 400 mL.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: A.

To document fluid intake accurately, the CNA must convert cups to ounces and ounces to milliliters. 1 cup = 8 oz. 1 oz = 30 mL. Therefore, the resident consumed 12 oz (360 mL) of liquids.

Restorative Skills

If you’d like to test your knowledge further in this category, check out our free Restorative Skills practice exam.

34. Question

While assisting a resident with ambulation, where should the CNA stand?

  1. Directly in front of the resident.
  2. Slightly behind and to the side of the resident, using a gait belt.
  3. Directly behind the resident, holding their clothing.
  4. Several steps away, encouraging them to walk faster.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: B.

For safe ambulation, the CNA should walk slightly behind and to one side, holding the gait belt, to be in the optimal position to support balance and prevent a forward or sideways fall.

35. Question (Challenging)

A resident has weakness in their hip, and the leg tends to turn outward when they are lying in bed. What simple device can be used to keep the leg straight?

  1. A trochanter roll placed against the hip/thigh.
  2. A brace applied to the knee.
  3. A footboard placed at the bottom of the bed.
  4. A foam wedge tucked under the buttocks.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: A.

A trochanter roll (usually a rolled towel) acts as a wedge to prevent the hip and leg from turning outward (external rotation). This helps maintain proper alignment.

36. Question

For a resident on restorative bladder training, what is the main purpose of the call light?

  1. To keep a record of how often they need to void.
  2. To allow the resident to promptly request assistance when they need to go to the bathroom.
  3. To notify the staff when they have finished the toileting activities.
  4. To help the resident perform perineal care.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: B.

Bladder training often uses scheduled toileting, but the call light is essential so the resident can request help immediately when feeling the urge, which is essential for the success of the training program.

37. Question

When the CNA assists moving a resident’s joint through its full range of motion without the resident’s help, what is this action called?

  1. Passive Range of Motion (PROM)
  2. Active Range of Motion (AROM)
  3. Passive Ambulation (PA)
  4. Active Assisted Range of Motion (AAROM)
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: A.

PROM is performed by the CNA when the resident cannot actively move the joint themselves. The CNA moves the joint through its full range to help it maintain mobility and prevent stiffness or contractures.

Emotional and Mental Health Needs

If you’d like to test your knowledge further in this category, check out our free Emotional and Mental Health Needs practice exam.

38. Question

A resident with a terminal illness tearfully tells the CNA they are afraid of dying. What is the best response for the CNA?

  1. Changing the subject to something cheerful.
  2. Offer a hug and say not to worry because the doctors will help.
  3. Listen, acknowledge the feelings, offer comfort, and report the emotional distress to the nurse.
  4. Share or lecture about personal religious beliefs.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: C.

CNAs should provide emotional support by listening without judgment, validating feelings, and offering appropriate comfort, then report the spiritual/emotional distress to the nurse, who can involve social work or other support.

39. Question

When a resident is experiencing a catastrophic reaction (an overreaction to a minor event), what should the CNA do first?

  1. Yell at the resident to calm down.
  2. Leave the resident alone until they calm down.
  3. Stay calm, use a reassuring tone, and guide the resident away from the trigger to a quieter, safe area.
  4. Restrain the resident immediately for their safety.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: C.

The key to managing a catastrophic reaction is to remain calm and reduce or remove the trigger, by guiding the resident to a quieter environment and offering reassurance. This way the resident can regain control.

40. Question (Challenging)

A resident with PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder) is sleeping. The CNA needs to wake them up. What is the best approach?

  1. Knock on the door, approach from the front, and speak softly before touching them. (correct)
  2. Touch the resident’s arm gently before speaking.
  3. Stand behind the resident and speak loudly.
  4. Turn on the television or radio very loudly first.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: A.

Residents with PTSD may be easily startled or react defensively if touched unexpectedly or approached from behind (blind spot). Using your voice first helps orient them and reduces fear.

41. Question

A resident begins expressing a paranoid delusion (e.g., “My food is poisoned”). How should the CNA respond?

  1. “We would never poison your food.”
  2. “Everyone else is eating, so it must be fine.”
  3. “I’ll tell staff to only bring you packaged food.”
  4. “That must make you feel scared. Would you like me to bring you something else?”
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: D.

CNAs should not argue with or validate a delusion. Instead, acknowledge the resident’s feelings (e.g., fear) and offer a practical alternative or distraction. Afterward, report the behavior to the nurse for assessment and follow-up.

42. Question

A resident who recently had a stroke looks at their nonfunctional right arm, says “I can’t use it anymore,” and begins to cry. This is most likely an example of:

  1. Denial (the first stage of grief).
  2. Depression or grief related to loss of function.
  3. Anger (the second stage of grief).
  4. Sundowning.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: B.

Grief is a natural process following any major loss, including the loss of function or independence after a stroke. Crying due to this loss indicates depression or sadness related to that loss and not denial or sundowning.

Spiritual and Cultural Needs

If you’d like to test your knowledge further in this category, check out our free Spiritual and Cultural Needs practice exam.

43. Question

A resident requests to pray five times daily and to face Mecca during prayer. What is the best action for the CNA?

  1. Tell the resident they can only pray during scheduled activity time.
  2. Help the resident find a private, safe space and assist with locating the direction of Mecca.
  3. Ask the resident to wait until the CNA’s shift is over.
  4. Tell the resident that religious practices cannot be accommodated for everyone.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: B.

The CNA’s role is to respect and accommodate the resident’s religious practices, as long as they do not conflict with immediate medical care.

44. Question

A Jewish resident refuses a lunch tray because it contains pork. What is the best action for the CNA?

  1. Explain that the pork is part of the facility’s standard menu.
  2. Tell the resident that pork is a part of their prescribed diet.
  3. Offer to swap the pork item for another resident’s food.
  4. Notify the nurse or kitchen staff to request a kosher-compliant alternative.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: D.

Religious dietary laws (like avoiding pork, keeping kosher, or fasting) must always be respected and accommodated. The CNA should coordinate with the nurse and kitchen to provide an appropriate alternative consistent with the resident’s religious needs.

Communication

If you’d like to test your knowledge further in this category, check out our free Communication practice exam.

45. Question (Challenging)

A resident has slurred speech after a stroke but understands everything you say. What is the best way to communicate with them?

  1. Pretend you understand even if you don’t.
  2. Speak louder so they can hear you better.
  3. Ask “yes” or “no” questions to make it easier for them to answer.
  4. Have the resident respond using only gestures.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: C.

If a resident understands but cannot speak clearly, asking yes/no questions allows them to communicate their needs effectively without the frustration of trying to form complex sentences.

46. Question

What is the best way to communicate with a resident who has a hearing impairment?

  1. Speak loudly and quickly.
  2. Stand behind the resident so they can hear you better.
  3. Face the resident and speak slowly and clearly.
  4. Use hand gestures without speaking.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: C.

Facing the resident and speaking slowly and clearly allows them to read your lips and see your facial expressions, which helps them understand you better.

47. Question

A resident has limited English proficiency (LEP), and the CNA cannot obtain necessary information. What is the CNA’s first action?

  1. Contact the facility’s qualified interpreter service (in-person/phone/video)
  2. Ask a family member to interpret.
  3. Speak more loudly and slowly.
  4. Use gestures or a picture board to complete the assessment.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: A.

A qualified interpreter ensures accurate, confidential communication for safety, consent, and care planning.

48. Question

What is the best way for a CNA to verify that a resident understands a procedure before it is performed?

  1. Ask the resident if they have any questions.
  2. Have the resident confirm that they understand.
  3. Just start the procedure and explain as it is performed.
  4. Ask the resident to repeat the instructions back in their own words.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: D.

The “teach-back” method helps with comprehension because the resident has to verbalize the instructions in their own words, rather than just answering yes or no.

Client Rights

If you’d like to test your knowledge further in this category, check out our free Client Rights practice exam.

49. Question

What is the primary role of the long-term care ombudsman?

  1. Provide medical treatment to residents.
  2. Administer medications.
  3. Advocate for the rights of residents.
  4. Supervise CNAs.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: C.

An ombudsman is a third-party advocate who works to protect the rights of residents in long-term care facilities and address any concerns or complaints they might have.

50. Question (Challenging)

A resident on a pureed diet due to dysphagia demands a regular hamburger. The CNA knows a hamburger could cause the resident to choke. What should the CNA do?

  1. Explain the risk and report the resident’s refusal to the nurse immediately.
  2. Give the resident the hamburger because they have the right to choose.
  3. Mash the hamburger up with a fork and hope it is soft enough.
  4. Refuse the request and tell the resident to eat the pureed food.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: A.

While residents have rights, the CNA cannot perform an action known to be unsafe (such as serving a choking hazard). The correct action is to report the situation to the nurse, who can handle the “informed refusal” process or offer a safe alternative.

51. Question

If a competent resident refuses a bath, what should the CNA do?

  1. Force the resident to take a bath anyway.
  2. Threaten to call the resident’s family.
  3. Tell the resident they can’t have lunch until they agree to bathe.
  4. Respect the refusal, notify the nurse, and document it.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: D.

A competent resident has the right to refuse treatment and personal care. The CNA should respect the refusal, document it and report it to the nurse.

52. Question

Before beginning any procedure on a resident, what must the CNA do?

  1. Check the resident’s blood pressure.
  2. Put on a mask.
  3. Ask a coworker to assist.
  4. Explain the procedure and get the resident’s consent.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: D.

Obtaining verbal permission, or consent, is a fundamental resident right. Performing care without consent can constitute battery. If the resident refuses, respect the refusal and report it to the nurse.

53. Question

A visitor asks a CNA for information about the resident’s medical condition. What is the most appropriate response?

  1. Provide them with the information as they are likely family.
  2. Tell them you can’t share health information without the resident’s permission.
  3. Tell them the resident’s condition is a secret.
  4. Give them a copy of the resident’s medical chart.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: B.

Providing protected health information (PHI) without the resident’s permission is a violation of HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act). The CNA would need to verify the visitor’s identity and ensure they are an approved person to receive PHI.

Legal and Ethical Behavior

If you’d like to test your knowledge further in this category, check out our free Legal and Ethical Behavior practice exam.

54. Question

A CNA intentionally withholds food and water from a resident as punishment. This is an example of what?

  1. Passive neglect.
  2. Battery.
  3. Physical abuse.
  4. Active neglect.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: D.

Active neglect is the intentional failure to provide necessary care, which is considered abuse. Physical abuse involves physical harm, while passive neglect is non-intentional. Withholding food is an intentional act. This must be reported immediately per facility policy and law.

55. Question (Challenging)

A CNA attaches a tray table to a resident’s wheelchair so the resident cannot get up. The resident is unable to remove the table themselves. This is considered:

  1. A positioning aid.
  2. A safety device.
  3. A physical restraint.
  4. A distraction technique.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: C.

Any device that restricts a resident’s movement and cannot be easily removed by the resident is legally defined as a physical restraint. Restraints can only be used with a doctor’s order and for specific medical reasons.

56. Question

Leaving a confused resident who is a known fall risk unattended in the bathroom is best described as:

  1. Assault.
  2. False imprisonment.
  3. Negligence.
  4. Defamation.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: C.

Negligence is failing to provide the level of care that a reasonable professional would provide, thereby creating a foreseeable risk of harm. Leaving a vulnerable resident in an unsafe situation meets this definition.

Member of the Health Care Team

57. Question

A resident is upset and demands to see the facility administrator immediately. What is the CNA’s best action?

  1. Attempt to solve the problem directly or notify the nurse.
  2. Tell the resident to calm down and wait until tomorrow.
  3. Threaten to restrain the resident if they don’t stop shouting.
  4. Ignore the resident because it’s not a CNA concern.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: A.

Residents have the right to voice complaints without reprisal. The CNA should listen, try to resolve simple immediate issues, and follow the chain of command so the resident’s request to speak with appropriate authority is addressed.

58. Question

A CNA is asked to perform a task that is outside their scope of practice. What should the CNA do?

  1. Perform the task anyway to be helpful.
  2. Ask a coworker to perform the task for them.
  3. Refuse the task and report the request to a supervisor.
  4. Offer to do another task instead.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: C.

CNAs must know and stay within their scope of practice. Doing a task the CNA is not trained to do is illegal and could harm the resident. The CNA must decline and inform a supervisor.

59. Question

What is the purpose of a resident’s care plan?

  1. To outline the exact needs and goals for the resident’s care.
  2. To give the CNA a list of tasks for the day.
  3. To provide a schedule for family visits.
  4. To list the resident’s favorite foods.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: A.

A resident’s care plan is a document that guides the care team on the specific needs and health goals and specifies any interventions that are required to meet those.

60. Question (Challenging)

The CNA is documenting in the EHR (Electronic Health Record) when the resident’s daughter asks to see the resident’s recent blood test results. The resident nods and says, “It’s okay, you can show her.” What is the best response?

  1. Read the results out loud to the daughter but keep the screen hidden.
  2. Turn the monitor screen so the daughter can read the results herself.
  3. Tell the daughter she must sign a HIPAA release form before viewing the screen.
  4. Politely explain that the nurse must review and explain the results to them.
Show Answer & Rationale

Correct Answer: D.

Even with the resident’s permission, it is outside the CNA’s scope of practice to interpret, report, or explain medical diagnostics (like lab results). Showing the screen without a clinician present can lead to misunderstanding or panic. The CNA must refer the request to the nurse, who is licensed to explain the medical data safely.